A trophic cascade induced by predatory ants in a fig-fig wasp mutualism
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Trade-off between reciprocal mutualists: local resource availability-oriented interaction in fig/fig wasp mutualism.
1. The mechanisms that prevent competition (conflict) between the recipient and co-operative actor in co-operative systems remain one of the greatest problems for evolutionary biology. Previous hypotheses suggest that self-restraint, dispersal or spatial constraints can prevent direct competition for local resources or any other common resources, thereby maintaining stable co-operation interact...
متن کاملDiscriminative host sanction together with relatedness promote the cooperation in fig/fig wasp mutualism.
Sanctioning or punishing is regarded as one of the most important dynamics in the evolution of cooperation. However, it has not been empirically examined yet whether or not such enforcement selection by sanctioning or punishing and classical theories like kin or reciprocity selection are separate mechanisms contributing to the evolution of cooperation. In addition, it remains largely unclear wh...
متن کاملCritical review of host specificity and its coevolutionary implications in the fig/fig-wasp mutualism.
Figs (Ficus spp., Moraceae) and their pollinating wasps (Agaonidae, Chalcidoidea) constitute perhaps the most tightly integrated pollination mutualism that is known. Figs are characterized by extraordinarily high global and local species diversity. It has been proposed that the diversification of this mutualism has occurred through strict-sense coadaptation and cospeciation between pairs of fig...
متن کاملAsymmetric interaction and indeterminate fitness correlation between cooperative partners in the fig–fig wasp mutualism
Empirical observations have shown that cooperative partners can compete for common resources, but what factors determine whether partners cooperate or compete remain unclear. Using the reciprocal fig-fig wasp mutualism, we show that nonlinear amplification of interference competition between fig wasps-which limits the fig wasps' ability to use a common resource (i.e. female flowers)-keeps the c...
متن کاملHost sanctions and pollinator cheating in the fig tree-fig wasp mutualism.
Theory predicts that mutualisms should be vulnerable to invasion by cheaters, yet mutualistic interactions are both ancient and diverse. What prevents one partner from reaping the benefits of the interaction without paying the costs? Using field experiments and observations, we examined factors affecting mutualism stability in six fig tree-fig wasp species pairs. We experimentally compared the ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Animal Ecology
سال: 2014
ISSN: 0021-8790
DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12219